﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rss version="2.0"><channel><title>Big_Balloo's Xanga</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo</link><description>Latest Xanga weblog from Big_Balloo</description><language>en-us</language><ttl>60</ttl><image><title>The Weblog Community</title><url>http://s.xanga.com/images/xangalogobutton.gif</url><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo</link></image><item><title>Tuesday, June 10, 2008</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/661007527/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/661007527/item.html</guid><pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 14:30:54 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;I had surgery on June 2nd, 2008 and am doing extremely well at this point. I go to the doctor next tuesday to remove the dressing and put on a cast. From that point, there will only be 6 or 7 weeks left of no walking on that foot. Hopefully by that time I will be able to get out of the house and do a little more and see my friends. It has been quite some time since I've seen any of them. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;Austin has been living with my grandma for a while now, and the two of them get along extremely well. He is still adapting to her strict cleaning policies. She flipped out because his room was a little messy, and she is not used to having someone like him in her house. for the first week, she thought she knew everything about him, all his habits. She was scared everytime he would sleep past 11:30 a.m. because he woke up before 9 for the first 3 days. The only reason he was up that early was because someone had called him (his mom or dad) and awoke him. She didn't believe it...she is special &lt;IMG src="http://s.xanga.com/images/laughing.gif" width=15 border=0&gt;. Now she knows a little more about him and his habits and is not as easily surprised by his litle quirks. The two of them are perfect for each other.&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/661007527/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Wednesday, April 16, 2008</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/652538049/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/652538049/item.html</guid><pubDate>Wed, 16 Apr 2008 22:46:24 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;I finally got out to visit grandpa's grave today. His headstone was place recently, and it looks beautiful. It has been quite a while since i last went to see him, and it really brought back memories, and made me think how lucky I was to have someone like him in my life. Not everyone has the oppertunity to come into contact with someone like him everyday, and he made every moment I spent with him enjoyable. There is not one single memory I have with him that wasn't good. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;I really miss him...&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/652538049/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>A Tear and a Smile</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/561439028/a-tear-and-a-smile.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/561439028/a-tear-and-a-smile.html</guid><pubDate>Sun, 07 Jan 2007 21:52:04 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;DIV&gt;I would not exchange the sorrows of my heart for the joys of the multitude. And I would not have the tears that sadness makes to flow from my every part turn into laughter. I would that my life remain a tear and a smile.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;A tear to purify my heart and give me understanding of life's secrets and hidden things. A smile to draw me nigh to the sons of my kind and to be a symbol of my glorification of the gods.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;A tear to unite me with those of broken heart; a smile to be a sign of my joy in existence.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;I would rather that I died in yearning and longing than that I lived weary and despairing.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;I want the hunger for love and beauty to be in the depths of my spirit, for I have seen those who are satisfied the most wretched of people. I have heard the sigh of those in yearning and longing, and it is sweeter than the sweetest melody.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;With evening's coming the flower folds her petals and sleeps, embracing her longing. At morning's approach she opens her lips to meet the sun's kiss.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;The life of a flower is longing and fulfillment. A tear and a smile.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;The waters of the sea become vapor and rise and come together and are a cloud.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;And the cloud floats above the hills and valleys until it meets the gentle breeze, then falls weeping to the fields and joins with the brooks and rivers to return to the sea, its home.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;The life of clouds is a parting and a meeting. A tear and a smile.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;And so does the spirit become separated from the greater spirit to move in the world of matter and pass as a cloud over the mountain of sorrow and the plains of joy to meet the breeze of death and return whence it came.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;To the ocean of Love and Beauty - to God.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;- - Kahlil Gibran&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;What would the world be like if there were only those mountain top experiences? If&amp;nbsp;life was just a happy-go-lucky encounter with no problems, anger or sadness, it would not really be such a pleasant reality. It is the valley that completes the spectrum. Without the beautiful valley, those mountain top experiences would have no meaning. And it would not be right to have those all the time. If that were the case, then it would no longer be special. For&amp;nbsp;someone to realize that there truely is beauty in the valley is something that some people, who have&amp;nbsp;lived their lives longing for something better,wish they had done long ago. That is&amp;nbsp;the tear and the smile. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/561439028/a-tear-and-a-smile.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Tuesday, November 14, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/547535219/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/547535219/item.html</guid><pubDate>Tue, 14 Nov 2006 23:24:42 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Desiderata (Latin for "desired things", plural of desideratum) is an inspirational prose poem about attaining happiness in life. It was written in 1927 by Max Ehrmann.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;Go placidly amid the noise and the haste,&lt;BR&gt;and remember what peace there may be in silence.&lt;BR&gt;As far as possible, without surrender, be on good terms with all persons.&lt;BR&gt;Speak your truth quietly and clearly; and listen to others,&lt;BR&gt;even to the dull and ignorant;&lt;BR&gt;they too have their story.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;Avoid loud and aggressive persons; they are vexatious to the spirit.&lt;BR&gt;If you compare yourself with others, you may become vain or bitter,&lt;BR&gt;for always there will be greater and lesser persons than yourself.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;Enjoy your achievements as well as your plans. &lt;BR&gt;Keep interested in your own career, however humble;&lt;BR&gt;it is a real possession in the changing fortunes of time.&lt;BR&gt;Exercise caution in your business affairs, for the world is full of trickery. &lt;BR&gt;But let this not blind you to what virtue there is;&lt;BR&gt;many persons strive for high ideals, and everywhere life is full of heroism.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;Be yourself. Especially do not feign affection.&lt;BR&gt;Neither be cynical about love;&lt;BR&gt;for in the face of all aridity and disenchantment,&lt;BR&gt;it is as perennial as the grass.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;Take kindly the counsel of the years,&lt;BR&gt;gracefully surrendering the things of youth.&lt;BR&gt;Nurture strength of spirit to shield you in sudden misfortune.&lt;BR&gt;But do not distress yourself with dark imaginings.&lt;BR&gt;Many fears are born of fatigue and loneliness.&lt;BR&gt;Beyond a wholesome discipline, be gentle with yourself.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;You are a child of the universe&lt;BR&gt;no less than the trees and the stars;&lt;BR&gt;you have a right to be here.&lt;BR&gt;And whether or not it is clear to you, &lt;BR&gt;no doubt the universe is unfolding as it should.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;Therefore be at peace with God, &lt;BR&gt;whatever you conceive Him to be.&lt;BR&gt;And whatever your labors and aspirations, &lt;BR&gt;in the noisy confusion of life, keep peace in your soul.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;With all its sham, drudgery and broken dreams, &lt;BR&gt;it is still a beautiful world. &lt;BR&gt;Be cheerful. &lt;BR&gt;Strive to be happy. &lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/547535219/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Hmmm...</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/540668011/hmmm.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/540668011/hmmm.html</guid><pubDate>Mon, 23 Oct 2006 21:48:24 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=570 border=0&gt;&lt;TBODY&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=4&gt;Facts About Homosexuality and Mental Health &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD colSpan=2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD width=410&gt;&lt;IMG height=32 src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/rainbow_small.gif" width=410&gt; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;/TBODY&gt;&lt;/TABLE&gt;&lt;TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=570 border=0&gt;&lt;TBODY&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=150&gt;&lt;IMG height=1 src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/dot_clear.gif" width=150&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=10&gt;&lt;IMG height=1 src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/dot_clear.gif" width=10&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=20&gt;&lt;FONT size=4&gt;&lt;IMG height=1 src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/dot_clear.gif" width=20&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=390&gt;&lt;FONT size=4&gt;&lt;IMG height=1 src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/dot_clear.gif" width=390&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Historical background &lt;/B&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;P&gt; &lt;P&gt; &lt;P&gt; &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;&lt;A onmouseover="window.status='Click here to open bibliography in its own browser window'; return true" onmouseout="window.status=''; return true" href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/facts_bibliography.html" target=bibliography_self&gt;Open bibliography in its own window&lt;/A&gt; &lt;/B&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Modern attitudes toward homosexuality have religious, legal, and medical underpinnings. Before the High Middle Ages, homosexual acts appear to have been tolerated or ignored by the Christian church throughout Europe. Beginning in the latter twelfth century, however, hostility toward homosexuality began to take root, and eventually spread throughout European religious and secular institutions. Condemnation of homosexual acts (and other nonprocreative sexual behavior) as "unnatural," which received official expression in the writings of Thomas Aquinas and others, became widespread and has continued through the present day (Boswell, 1980). [&lt;I&gt;&lt;A onmouseover="window.status='Click here to go to the bibliography; use BACK to return to this page'; return true" onmouseout="window.status=''; return true" href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/facts_bibliography.html" target="_new"&gt;Bibliographic references&lt;/A&gt; are on a different web page&lt;/I&gt;] &lt;P&gt;Religious teachings soon were incorporated into legal sanctions. Many of the early American colonies, for example, enacted stiff criminal penalties for sodomy, an umbrella term that encompassed a wide variety of sexual acts that were nonprocreative (including homosexual behavior), occurred outside of marriage (e.g., sex between a man and woman who were not married), or violated traditions (e.g., sex between husband and wife with the woman on top). The statutes often described such conduct only in Latin or with oblique phrases such as "wickedness not to be named"). In some places, such as the New Haven colony, male and female homosexual acts were punishable by death (e.g., Katz, 1976). &lt;P&gt;By the end of the 19th century, medicine and psychiatry were effectively competing with religion and the law for jurisdiction over sexuality. As a consequence, discourse about homosexuality expanded from the realms of sin and crime to include that of pathology. This historical shift was generally considered progressive because a sick person was less blameful than a sinner or criminal (e.g., Chauncey, 1982/1983; D'Emilio &amp;amp; Freedman, 1988; Duberman, Vicinus, &amp;amp; Chauncey, 1989). &lt;P&gt;Even within medicine and psychiatry, however, homosexuality was not universally viewed as a pathology. Richard von Kraft-Ebing described it as a degenerative sickness in his &lt;I&gt;Psychopathia Sexualis&lt;/I&gt;, but Sigmund Freud and Havelock Ellis both adopted more accepting stances. Early in the twentieth century, Ellis (1901) argued that homosexuality was inborn and therefore not immoral, that it was not a disease, and that many homosexuals made outstanding contributions to society (Robinson, 1976). &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Sigmund Freud&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Sigmund Freud's basic theory of human sexuality was different from that of Ellis. He believed all human beings were innately bisexual, and that they become heterosexual or homosexual as a result of their experiences with parents and others (Freud, 1905). Nevertheless, Freud agreed with Ellis that a homosexual orientation should not be viewed as a form of pathology. In a now-famous letter to an American mother in 1935, Freud wrote: &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;I&gt;"Homosexuality is assuredly no advantage, but it is nothing to be ashamed of, no vice, no degradation, it cannot be classified as an illness; we consider it to be a variation of the sexual function produced by a certain arrest of sexual development. Many highly respectable individuals of ancient and modern times have been homosexuals, several of the greatest men among them (Plato, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, etc.). It is a great injustice to persecute homosexuality as a crime, and cruelty too.... &lt;/I&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;I&gt;"If [your son] is unhappy, neurotic, torn by conflicts, inhibited in his social life, analysis may bring him harmony, peace of mind, full efficiency whether he remains a homosexual or gets changed...." (reprinted in Jones, 1957, pp. 208-209, from the American Journal of Psychiatry&lt;/I&gt;, 1951, &lt;I&gt;107&lt;/I&gt;, 786). &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Later psychoanalysts&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Later psychoanalysts did not follow this view, however. Sandor Rado (1940, 1949) rejected Freud's assumption of inherent bisexuality, arguing instead that heterosexuality is and that homosexuality is a phobic response to members of the other sex. Other analysts later argued that homosexuality resulted from pathological family relationships during the oedipal period (around 4-5 years of age) and claimed that they observed these patterns in their homosexual patients (Bieber et al., 1962). Charles Socarides (1968) speculated that the etiology of homosexuality was pre-oedipal and, therefore, even more pathological than had been supposed by earlier analysts (for a detailed history, see Lewes, 1988; for briefer summaries, see Bayer, 1987; Silverstein, 1991). &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Biases in psychoanalysis&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Although psychoanalytic theories of homosexuality once had considerable influence in psychiatry and in the larger culture, they were not subjected to rigorous empirical testing. Instead, they were based on analysts' clinical observations of patients already known by them to be homosexual. &lt;P&gt;Two major problems result from this procedure. First, the analyst's theoretical orientations, expectations, and personal attitudes are likely to bias her or his observations. This is why scientists take great pains in their studies to ensure that the researchers who actually collect the data do not have expectations about how a particular research participant will respond. An example is the "double blind" procedure used in many experiments. Such procedures have not been used in clinical psychoanalytic studies of homosexuality. (See Rosenthal, 1976, for a discussion of how a researcher's expectations can unintentionally influence her or his findings.) &lt;P&gt;A second problem with psychoanalytic studies is that they have only examined homosexuals who were already under psychiatric care – in other words, homosexuals who were seeking treatment or therapy. Patients, however, cannot be assumed to be representative of the general population. Just as it would be inappropriate to draw conclusions about all heterosexuals based only on data from heterosexual psychiatric patients, we cannot generalize from observations of homosexual patients to the entire population of gay men and lesbians. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Alfred Kinsey&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;A more tolerant stance toward homosexuality was adopted by researchers from other disciplines. Zoologist and taxonomist Alfred C. Kinsey, in his groundbreaking empirical studies of sexual behavior among American adults, revealed that a significant number of his research participants reported having engaged in homosexual behavior to the point of orgasm after age 16 (Kinsey, Pomeroy, &amp;amp; Martin, 1948; Kinsey, Pomeroy, Martin, &amp;amp; Gebhard, 1953). Furthermore, Kinsey and his colleagues reported that 10% of the males in their sample and 2-6% of the females (depending on marital status) had been more or less exclusively homosexual in their behavior for at least three years between the ages of 16 and 55. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/fact_sample.html" target=facts&gt;&lt;B&gt;A brief introduction to sampling&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;&lt;A name=note1_text target="_new"&gt;Despite frequent&lt;/A&gt; extrapolations by modern commentators from Kinsey's data to the U.S. adult population, the representativeness of his nonprobability sample cannot be assessed (for methodological and statistical critiques, see Terman, 1948; Cochran, Mosteller, &amp;amp; Tukey, 1954; Wallis, 1949). Nevertheless, his work revealed that many more American adults than previously suspected had engaged in homosexual behavior or had experienced same-sex fantasies. This finding cast doubt on the widespread assumption that homosexuality was practiced only by a small number of social misfits.&lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/facts_mental_health.html#note1" target="_new"&gt;&lt;SUP&gt;&lt;B&gt;1&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/SUP&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Comparative studies&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Other social science researchers also argued against the prevailing negative view of homosexuality. In a review of published scientific studies and archival data, Ford and Beach (1951) found that homosexual behavior was widespread among various nonhuman species and in a large number of human societies. They reported that homosexual behavior of some sort was considered normal and socially acceptable for at least some individuals in 64% of the 76 societies in their sample; in the remaining societies, adult homosexual activity was reported to be totally absent, rare, or carried on only in secrecy. &lt;P&gt;As with Kinsey, whether this proportion applies to all human societies cannot be known because a nonprobability sample was used. However, the findings of Ford and Beach demonstrate that homosexual behavior occurs in many societies and is not always condemned (see also Herdt, 1984; Williams, 1986). &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Military research&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Although dispassionate scientific research on whether homosexuality should be viewed as an illness was largely absent from the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and medicine during the first half of the twentieth century, some researchers remained unconvinced that all homosexual individuals were mentally ill or socially misfit. Berube (1990) reported the results of previously unpublished studies conducted by military physicians and researchers during World War II. These studies challenged the equation of homosexuality with psychopathology, as well as the stereotype that homosexual recruits could not be good soldiers. &lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;I&gt;A common conclusion in their wartime studies was that, in the words of Maj. Carl H. Jonas, who studied fifty-three white and seven black men at Camp Haan, California, "overt homosexuality occurs in a heterogeneous group of individuals." Dr. Clements Fry, director of the Yale University student clinic, and Edna Rostow, a social worker, who together studied the service records of 183 servicemen, discovered that there was no evidence to support the common belief that "homosexuality is uniformly correlated with specific personality traits" and concluded that generalizations about the homosexual personality "are not yet reliable." &lt;P&gt;.... Sometimes to their amazement, [researchers] described what they called the "well-adjusted homosexuals" who, in [William] Menninger's words, "concealed their homosexuality effectively and, at the same time, made creditable records for themselves in the service." Some researchers spoke in glowing terms of these men. "The homosexuals observed in the service," noted Navy doctors Greenspan and Campbell, "have been key men in responsible positions whose loss [by discharge] was acutely felt in their respective departments." They were "conscientious, reliable, well-integrated and abounding in emotional feeling and sincerity." In general, "the homosexual leads a useful productive life, conforming with all dictates of the community, except its sexual requirements" and was "neither a burden nor a detriment to society." Fry and Rostow reported that, based on evidence in service records, homosexuals were no better or worse than other soldiers and that many "performed well in various military jobs" including combat (Berube, 1990, pp. 170-171, footnotes omitted). &lt;/I&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;A name=hooker target="_new"&gt;Today&lt;/A&gt;, a large body of published empirical research clearly refutes the notion that homosexuality &lt;I&gt;per se&lt;/I&gt; is indicative of or correlated with psychopathology. One of the first and most famous published studies in this area was conducted by psychologist &lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/hooker.html" target="_new"&gt;Evelyn Hooker&lt;/A&gt;. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Hooker's study&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Hooker's (1957) study was innovative in several important respects. First, rather than simply accepting the predominant view of homosexuality as pathology, she posed the question of whether homosexuals and heterosexuals differed in their psychological adjustment. Second, rather than studying psychiatric patients, she recruited a sample of homosexual men who were functioning normally in society. Third, she employed a procedure that asked experts to rate the adjustment of men without prior knowledge of their sexual orientation. This method addressed an important source of bias that had vitiated so many previous studies of homosexuality. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=middle&gt;&lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/hooker.html" target="_new"&gt;&lt;IMG height=95 alt="Thumbnail: Dr. Evelyn Hooker" src="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/assets/images/hookerth.jpg" width=80 border=0&gt;&lt;/A&gt; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Hooker administered three projective tests (the Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test [TAT], and Make-A-Picture-Story [MAPS] Test) to 30 homosexual males and 30 heterosexual males recruited through community organizations. The two groups were matched for age, IQ, and education. None of the men were in therapy at the time of the study. &lt;P&gt;Unaware of each subject's sexual orientation, two independent Rorschach experts evaluated the men's overall adjustment using a 5-point scale. They classified two-thirds of the heterosexuals and two-thirds of the homosexuals in the three highest categories of adjustment. When asked to identify which Rorschach protocols were obtained from homosexuals, the experts could not distinguish respondents' sexual orientation at a level better than chance. &lt;P&gt;A third expert used the TAT and MAPS protocols to evaluate the psychological adjustment of the men. As with the Rorschach responses, the adjustment ratings of the homosexual and heterosexuals did not differ significantly. &lt;P&gt;Hooker concluded from her data that homosexuality is not a clinical entity and that homosexuality is not inherently associated with psychopathology. &lt;P&gt;Hooker's findings have since been replicated by many other investigators using a variety of research methods. Freedman (1971), for example, used Hooker's basic design to study lesbian and heterosexual women. Instead of projective tests, he administered objectively-scored personality tests to the women. His conclusions were similar to those of Hooker. &lt;P&gt;Although some investigations published since Hooker's study have claimed to support the view of homosexuality as pathological, they have been methodologically weak. Many used only clinical or incarcerated samples, for example, from which generalizations to the population at large are not possible. Others failed to safeguard the data collection procedures from possible biases by the investigators – for example, a man's psychological functioning would be evaluated by his own psychoanalyst, who was simultaneously treating him for his homosexuality. &lt;P&gt;Some studies found differences between homosexual and heterosexual respondents, and then assumed that those differences indicated pathology in the homosexuals. For example, heterosexual and homosexual respondents might report different kinds of childhood experiences or family relationships. It would then be assumed that the patterns reported by the homosexuals indicated pathology, even though there were no differences in psychological functioning between the two groups. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;The weight of evidence&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;In a review of published studies comparing homosexual and heterosexual samples on psychological tests, Gonsiorek (1982) found that, although some differences have been observed in test results between homosexuals and heterosexuals, both groups consistently score within the normal range. Gonsiorek concluded that "Homosexuality in and of itself is unrelated to psychological disturbance or maladjustment. Homosexuals as a group are not more psychologically disturbed on account of their homosexuality" (Gonsiorek, 1982, p. 74; see also reviews by Gonsiorek, 1991; Hart, Roback, Tittler, Weitz, Walston &amp;amp; McKee, 1978; Reiss, 1980). &lt;P&gt;Confronted with overwhelming empirical evidence and changing cultural views of homosexuality, psychiatrists and psychologists radically altered their views, beginning in the 1970s. &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Removal from the DSM&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;&lt;A name=DSM target="_new"&gt;In 1973&lt;/A&gt;, the weight of empirical data, coupled by changing social norms and the development of a politically active gay community in the United States, led the Board of Directors of the &lt;A href="http://www.psych.org/public_info/homose~1.cfm" target=facts&gt;American Psychiatric Association&lt;/A&gt; to remove &lt;I&gt;homosexuality&lt;/I&gt; from the &lt;I&gt;Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders&lt;/I&gt; (DSM). Their decision was ratified in 1974 by a vote of the membership. &lt;P&gt;Subsequently, a new diagnosis, &lt;I&gt;ego-dystonic homosexuality&lt;/I&gt;, was created for the DSM's third edition in 1980. Ego dystonic homosexuality was indicated by: (1) a persistent lack of heterosexual arousal, which the patient experienced as interfering with initiation or maintenance of wanted heterosexual relationships, and (2) persistent distress from a sustained pattern of unwanted homosexual arousal. &lt;P&gt;The new diagnostic category, however, was criticized professionally on numerous grounds. It was viewed by many as a political compromise to appease those psychiatrists – mainly psychoanalysts – who still considered homosexuality a pathology. Others questioned the appropriateness of having a separate diagnosis that described the content of an individual's dysphoria. They argued that the psychological problems related to ego-dystonic homosexuality could be treated as well by other general diagnostic categories, and that the existence of the diagnosis perpetuated antigay stigma. &lt;P&gt;Moreover, widespread prejudice against homosexuality in the United States meant that "almost all people who are homosexual first go through a phase in which their homosexuality is ego dystonic," according to the &lt;A href="http://www.psych.org/public_info/homose~1.cfm" target=facts&gt;American Psychiatric Association&lt;/A&gt;. &lt;P&gt;In 1986, the diagnosis was removed entirely from the DSM. The only vestige of ego dystonic homosexuality in the revised DSM-III occurred under &lt;I&gt;Sexual Disorders Not Otherwise Specified,&lt;/I&gt; which included persistent and marked distress about one's sexual orientation (American Psychiatric Association, 1987; see Bayer, 1987, for an account of the events leading up to the 1973 and 1986 decisions). &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;A href="http://www.apa.org/pi/statemen.html" target=facts&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Text of APA resolutions&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt; &lt;/B&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;The American Psychological Association (APA) promptly endorsed the psychiatrists' actions, and has since worked intensively to eradicate the stigma historically associated with a homosexual orientation (APA, 1975; 1987).&lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/facts_mental_health.html#note2" target="_new"&gt;&lt;SUP&gt;&lt;B&gt;2&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/SUP&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; &lt;A name=note2_text target="_new"&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/A&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top align=right&gt;&lt;FONT face="arial, helvetica" size=2&gt;&lt;B&gt;Conclusion&lt;/B&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top width=410 colSpan=2&gt;Some psychologists&lt;/A&gt; and psychiatrists still hold negative personal attitudes toward homosexuality. However, empirical evidence and professional norms do not support the idea that homosexuality is a form of mental illness or is inherently linked to psychopathology. &lt;P&gt;The foregoing should not be construed as an argument that sexual minority individuals are free from mental illness and psychological distress. Indeed, given the stresses created by sexual stigma and prejudice, it would be surprising if some of them did not manifest psychological problems (Meyer, 2003). The data from some studies suggest that, although most sexual minority individuals are well adjusted, nonheterosexuals may be at somewhat heightened risk for depression, anxiety, and related problems, compared to exclusive heterosexuals (Cochran &amp;amp; Mays, 2006). &lt;P&gt;Unfortunately, because of the way they were originally designed, most of these studies do not yield information about whether and to what extent such risks might be greater for various subgroups within the sexual minority population (e.g., individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual &lt;I&gt;versus&lt;/I&gt; those who do not; bisexuals &lt;I&gt;versus&lt;/I&gt; lesbians and gay men). In future research, it will be important to compare different sexual minority groups in order to understand how so many individuals withstand the stresses imposed by sexual prejudice, and to identify effective strategies for treating those with psychological problems. &lt;P&gt; &lt;BR&gt;&lt;B&gt;Notes&lt;/B&gt; &lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD colSpan=2&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&lt;A name=note1 target="_new"&gt;1.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt; &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;Although Kinsey's studies are often cited as documenting that 10% of the U.S. population is gay, Kinsey did not categorize his research participants according to sexual orientation. Instead, he chose to emphasize sexual behavior and fantasy. In addition, because Kinsey did not collect his data from a &lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/fact_sample.html" target="_new"&gt;probability sample&lt;/A&gt;, valid inferences cannot be made from them to the larger population. &lt;P&gt;For a discussion of how the Kinsey data came to be widely understood as supporting the ten percent figure, see Voeller (1990). Support for the ten percent figure was also provided by Paul Gebhard (director of the Kinsey Institute) in a &lt;A href="http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/Gebhard_1977.html" target="_new"&gt;1977 memo to the National Gay Task Force&lt;/A&gt;. &lt;P&gt;&lt;P&gt;All surveys are likely to underestimate the actual prevalence of homosexuality because, fearing discrimination and stigma, many gay respondents are reluctant to tell a stranger (even anonymously) that they are homosexual. Recognizing this limitation, most research with probability samples suggests that at least 3-6% of the US adult male population is homosexual, with somewhat fewer females (Fay, Turner, Klassen, &amp;amp; Gagnon, 1989; Hatfield, 1989; Laumann, Gagnon, Michael, &amp;amp; Michaels, 1994; Lever &amp;amp; Kanouse, 1996; Rogers &amp;amp; Turner, 1991).&amp;nbsp;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD colSpan=2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;&lt;A name=note2 target="_new"&gt;2.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;TD vAlign=top&gt;The APA voted in 1987 to "urge its members not to use the '302.0 Homosexuality' diagnosis in the current ICD-9-CM or the '302.00 Ego-dystonic homosexuality' diagnosis in the current DSM-III or future editions of either document" (APA, 1987). They took this action because, although the American Psychiatric Association dropped &lt;I&gt;homosexuality&lt;/I&gt; from the DSM-IIIR, the revised manual was not expected to be published immediately. Furthermore, at the time, another widely used listing of mental disorders – the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases 9th edition (ICD-9) – still included &lt;I&gt;homosexuality&lt;/I&gt; as a diagnosis. In 1992, the WHO removed homosexuality from the ICD-10. &lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;/TBODY&gt;&lt;/TABLE&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/540668011/hmmm.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Sunday, September 17, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/530130855/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/530130855/item.html</guid><pubDate>Sun, 17 Sep 2006 21:55:13 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Bushisms:&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;"The Patriot Act has increased the flow of information within our government and it has helped break up terrorist cells in the United States of America. And the United States Congress was right to renew the terrorist act -- the Patriot Act&lt;FONT size=2&gt;." --George W. Bush, Washington, D.C. , Sept. 7, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;"I said I was looking for a book to read, Laura said you ought to cry Camus. I also read three Shakespeares. ... I've got a eck-a-lec-tic reading list." --George W. Bush, interview with NBC's Brian Williams, New Orleans, La., Aug. 29, 2006 (&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2006/08/30/video%2Dbush%2Dexplains%2Dhis%2D%5Fn%5F28367.html" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Watch video clip&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;)&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;"And I suspect that what you'll see, Toby, is there will be a momentum, momentum will be gathered. Houses will begat jobs, jobs will begat houses." --George W. Bush, talking to reporters along the hurricane-ravaged Gulf Coast, Gulfport, Miss., Aug. 28, 2006&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;"I would guess, I would surmise that some of the more spectacular bombings are done by al Qaeda suiciders." --George W. Bush, on violence in Iraq, Washington, D.C., Aug. 21, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;"The United States of America is engaged in a war against an extremist group of folks." --George W. Bush, McLean, Va., Aug. 15, 2006&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"See, the irony is that what they need to do is get Syria to get Hezbollah to stop doing this s**t, and it's over." --George W. Bush, chomping on a dinner roll while talking about the Middle East crisis with British Prime Minister Tony Blair at the G8 summit, St. Petersburg, Russia, July 17, 2006 (&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/od/bushvideos/v/bushswearing.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Watch video clip&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;)&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;"One thing is clear, is relations between America and Russia are good, and they're important that they be good." -&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;-George W. Bush, &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;Strelna, Russia, July 15, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;"I've reminded the prime minister-the American people, Mr. Prime Minister, over the past months that it was not always a given that the United States and America would have a close relationship." &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;--&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., June 29, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"We shouldn't fear a world that is more interacted." --George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., June 27, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I think &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; tide turning &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; see, as I remember &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; I was raised in the desert, but tides kind of &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; it's easy to see a tide turn &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; did I say those words?" &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--George W. Bush, asked if the tide was turning in Iraq,&lt;/STRONG&gt; Washington, D.C., June 14, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;President Bush: "Peter. Are you going to ask that question with shades on?"&lt;BR&gt;Peter Wallsten of the Los Angeles Times: "I can take them off."&lt;BR&gt;Bush: "I'm interested in the shade look, seriously."&lt;BR&gt;Wallsten: "All right, I'll keep it, then."&lt;BR&gt;Bush: "For the viewers, there's no sun."&lt;BR&gt;Wallsten: "I guess it depends on your perspective."&lt;BR&gt;Bush: "Touche.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;An exchange with legally blind reporter Peter Wallsten, to whom Bush later apologized, Washington, D.C., June 14, 2006 (&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.crooksandliars.com/2006/06/14.html%23a8710" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Watch video clip&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;) &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt;"I tell people, let's don't fear the future, let's shape it." --George W. Bush, Omaha, Neb., June 7, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"Trying to stop suiciders &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; which we're doing a pretty good job of on occasion &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt; is difficult to do. And what the Iraqis are going to have to eventually do is convince those who are conducting suiciders who are not inspired by Al Qaeda, for example, to realize there's a peaceful tomorrow." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., May 24, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I would say the best moment of all was when I caught a 7.5 pound largemouth bass in my lake." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;George W. Bush, on his &lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/b/a/256803.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;best moment in office&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;, interview with the German newspaper &lt;I&gt;Bild am Sonntag&lt;/I&gt;, May 7, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"If people want to get to know me better, they've got to know my parents and the values my parents instilled in me, and the fact that I was raised in West Texas, in the middle of the desert, a long way away from anywhere, hardly. There's a certain set of values you learn in that experience." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"You never know what your history is going to be like until long after you're gone." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;"The point now is how do we work together to achieve important goals. And one such goal is a democracy in Germany." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--&lt;/STRONG&gt;George W. Bush, D.C., May 5, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt;"That's George Washington, the first president, of course. The interesting thing about him is that I read three -- three or four books about him last year. Isn't that interesting?" --George W. Bush, while showing German newspaper reporter Kai Diekmann the Oval Office, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"Finally, the desk, where we'll have our picture taken in front of -- is nine other Presidents used it. This was given to us by Queen Victoria in the 1870s, I think it was. President Roosevelt put the door in so people would not know he was in a wheelchair. John Kennedy put his head out the door." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--George W. Bush, s&lt;/STRONG&gt;howing German newspaper reporter Kai Diekmann the Oval Office, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"That's called, &lt;I&gt;A Charge To Keep&lt;/I&gt;, based upon a religious hymn. The hymn talks about serving God. The president's job is never to promote a religion." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--George W. Bush, s&lt;/STRONG&gt;howing German newspaper reporter Kai Diekmann the Oval Office, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I was not pleased that Hamas has refused to announce its desire to destroy Israel." &lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;--George W. Bush,&lt;/STRONG&gt; Washington, D.C., May 4, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I can look you in the eye and tell you I feel I've tried to solve the problem diplomatically to the max, and would have committed troops both in Afghanistan and Iraq knowing what I know today." --George W. Bush, Irvine, Calif., April 24, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I aim to be a competitive nation." --George W. Bush, San Jose, Calif., April 21, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I'm &lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/b/a/256793.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;the decider&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;, and I decide what is best. And what's best is for Don Rumsfeld to remain as the Secretary of Defense." &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;--George W. Bush, Washington, D.C. April 18, 2006 (&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/library/blbushism-decider.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Listen to audio clip&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;; &lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.crooksandliars.com/2006/04/18.html%23a7958" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Watch video clip&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;)&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I strongly believe what we're doing is the right thing. If I didn't believe it -- I'm going to repeat what I said before -- I'd pull the troops out, nor if I believed we could win, I would pull the troops out." --George W. Bush, Charlotte, N.C., April 6, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"No question that the enemy has tried to spread sectarian violence. They use violence as a tool to do that." --George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., March 22, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"If the Iranians were to have a nuclear weapon they could proliferate." --&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;George W. Bush, &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;Washington D.C., March 21, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;DIV align=left&gt;&lt;TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width=100 align=left border=0&gt;&lt;TBODY&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/library/images/blbushpictures.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000 size=2&gt;&lt;IMG style="WIDTH: 100px; HEIGHT: 130px" src="http://z.about.com/d/politicalhumor/1/0/E/9/bush_monkey_small.jpg" border=0&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;/TBODY&gt;&lt;/TABLE&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"After the bombing, most Iraqis saw what the perpetuators of this attack were trying to do." --George W. Bush, on the bombing of the Golden Mosque of Samarra in Iraq, March 13, 2006, Washington, D.C. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400"&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"And so I'm for medical liability at the federal level." --George W. Bush, on medical liability reform, Washington, D.C., March 10, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I believe that a prosperous, democratic Pakistan will be a steadfast partner for America, a peaceful neighbor for India, and a force for freedom and moderation in the Arab world." --George W. Bush, mistakenly identifying Pakistan as an Arab country, Islamabad, Pakistan, March 3, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"People don't need to worry about security. This deal wouldn't go forward if we were concerned about the security for the United States of America." --George W. Bush, on the deal to hand over U.S. port security to a company operated by the United Arab Emirates, Washington, D.C., Feb. 23, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"And I want those who are questioning it to step up and explain why all of a sudden a Middle Eastern company is held to a different standard than a Great British company." --George W. Bush, defending a plan to allow a company controlled by the United Arab Emirates to manage ports in the United States, aboard Air Force One, Feb. 21, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I think it's really important for this great state of baseball to reach out to people of all walks of life to make sure that the sport is inclusive. The best way to do it is to convince little kids how to--the beauty of playing baseball." --George W. Bush, Washington, D.C., Feb. 13, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I like my buddies from west Texas. I liked them when I was young, I liked them then I was middle-age, I liked them before I was president, and I like them during president, and I like them after president." --George W. Bush, Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 1, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"He was a state sponsor of terror. In other words, the government had declared, you are a state sponsor of terror." --George W. Bush, on Saddam Hussein, Manhattan, Kan., Jan. 23, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;DIV align=left&gt;&lt;TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width=100 align=left border=0&gt;&lt;TBODY&gt;&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana&gt;&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/library/images/blbushpictures.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000 size=2&gt;&lt;IMG style="WIDTH: 100px; HEIGHT: 158px" src="http://z.about.com/d/politicalhumor/1/0/C/9/bush_goofy_small.jpg" border=0&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;FONT size=2&gt; &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;/TBODY&gt;&lt;/TABLE&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"I'll be glad to talk about ranching, but I haven't seen the movie. I've heard about it. I hope you go -- you know -- I hope you go back to the ranch and the farm is what I'm about to say." --George W. Bush, after being asked whether he's seen &lt;EM&gt;&lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/library/images/blpic-kickbackmountain.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;Brokeback Mountain&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;, Manhattan, Kan., Jan. 23, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=-1&gt;"It's a &lt;A href="http://politicalhumor.about.com/library/blbushism-brownie.htm" target="_new"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;heck of a place&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt; to bring your family."&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt; --George W. Bush, on New Orleans, New Orleans, La., Jan. 12, 2006&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;"You took an oath to defend our flag and our freedom, and you kept that oath underseas and under fire." --George W. Bush, addressing war veterans, Washington, D.C., Jan. 10, 2006 &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=Verdana size=2&gt;"As you can possibly see, I have an injury myself -- not here at the hospital, but in combat with a cedar. I eventually won. The cedar gave me a little scratch. As a matter of fact, the Colonel asked if I needed first aid when she first saw me. I was able to avoid any major surgical operations here, but thanks for your compassion, Colonel." --George W. Bush, after visiting with wounded veterans from the Amputee Care Center of Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, Jan. 1, 2006&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/530130855/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Saturday, July 29, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/513703961/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/513703961/item.html</guid><pubDate>Sat, 29 Jul 2006 23:01:25 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Hello everybody! Since it has been such a lengthy amount of time since my last update, I have decided to fill you in on what I have done this past week. From July 22-29, I was on a mission trip to Rio Bravo, Mexico.&amp;nbsp;Twelve others and myself embarked on a truly life-changing adventure that will not only effect those who are building the house, but those whom we are building for as well. It was a mother and her two year-old&amp;nbsp;daughter: Yolanda and Mariana Ibarra. Even with this being me second trip to Mexico, I am still amazed at the state of poverty that these people are living in. For example: there was a very small building right next to our work site&amp;nbsp;that was about&amp;nbsp;6' tall and 7'&amp;nbsp;by 6', if even that, and it was made out of old scrap metal. In that little shack lived a family of 3. Three people living in a building that is as big as a bathroom in most of our houses. In many areas, there was no electricity, there was no running water, dirt floors, poor drainage if any at all, no sanitation system, absolutely nothing. But every single one of those people always had a smile on their face, and were perfectly happy with what they had. They were the most giving people. They have absolutely nothing, and yet the family we built for cooked us lunch every day. To have nothing and feed 13 extra mouths, is an act of true compassion, and of love. It makes me really think about our society.&amp;nbsp;Not very many people&amp;nbsp;would invite you into their home and cook for you, and give to you,&amp;nbsp;even though they have more than&amp;nbsp;enough to give. It saddens me that people are more than capable to give to others and do things for others, but refuse to do so. I thought to myself as I was down there "how much am I willing to give?" We truly live in a corrupted world. Most of us are so sheltered from the rest of the world that we think they have the same advantages as we do, but the thing is, the rest of the world has practically nothing compared to us, and we take advantage of things that people elsewhere dont have the oppertunity to do. Down in Rio Bravo, there were no doctors. On the second day of working, one of the neighbor boys was running aroung barefoot, and he cut his toe badly. There was not one single bandage in his house, there was no doctor he could see to get it taken care of, and his toe became severely infected. Luckily, one of our team members brought his first aid kit along and attempted to clean the wound and bandage it up.&amp;nbsp; (And here ends part one of a series of stories from Mexico).&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/513703961/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Monday, June 12, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/496202229/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/496202229/item.html</guid><pubDate>Mon, 12 Jun 2006 15:25:01 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Creo&amp;nbsp;de todos de los expresiónes usted usa, su sonrisa&amp;nbsp;son mas&amp;nbsp;importante. Soy muy soñoliento ahora, pero deseo hacer algo. ir a las películas, o&amp;nbsp;nadar en la piscina de mis abuelos. Mi trabajo es bueno.&amp;nbsp;Me gusta&amp;nbsp;la gente que trabajo con mejor que el trabajo sí mismo, pero por lo menos es dinero.Pienso que es todo para ahora. ¡Hasta luego! &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;~~~~Ben~~~~&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/496202229/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Saturday, May 13, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/484400757/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/484400757/item.html</guid><pubDate>Sat, 13 May 2006 22:08:26 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Puttin On The Ritz was this week, and we totally rocked it in the face!&lt;IMG height=15 src="http://www.xanga.com/Images/laughing.gif" width=15&gt;&amp;nbsp;yup, and I also found out that I am involved in way too much. I was in 14 out of the 34 acts of the show. It was like I was runnin an effing marathon. I swear&amp;nbsp;I lost like 10 pounds. It was a lot of fun. Everybody did a freakin awesome job, and I just want them all to know they are the best in town.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Aight, peace foolz!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;~ Ben&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/484400757/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item><item><title>Thursday, April 20, 2006</title><link>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/474990528/item.html</link><guid>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/474990528/item.html</guid><pubDate>Thu, 20 Apr 2006 18:56:41 GMT</pubDate><description>&lt;P&gt;Hooray for free stuff!!!!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;thats all I have to say...&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Peace foolz!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face="Arial Black"&gt;&amp;#9835;ô&amp;#9835;ô Ben ô&amp;#9835;ô&amp;#9835;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description><comments>http://www.xanga.com/Big_Balloo/474990528/item.html#firstcomment</comments></item></channel></rss>