this is pretty cool! happy anniversary

!
PITTSBURGH, Pennsylvania (AP) -- It was a serious contribution to the electronic lexicon.

Carnegie Mellon professor Scott E. Fahlman was the first to use the
in a computer message.

Twenty-five years ago, Carnegie Mellon University professor Scott E.
Fahlman says, he was the first to use three keystrokes -- a colon
followed by a hyphen and a parenthesis -- as a horizontal "smiley face"
in a computer message.
To mark the anniversary Wednesday,
Fahlman and his colleagues are starting an annual student contest for
innovation in technology-assisted, person-to-person communication. The
Smiley Award, sponsored by Yahoo Inc., carries a $500 cash prize.
Language experts say the smiley face and other emotional icons, known
as emoticons, have given people a concise way in e-mail and other
electronic messages of expressing sentiments that otherwise would be
difficult to detect.
Fahlman posted the emoticon in a message to
an online electronic bulletin board at 11:44 a.m. on September 19,
1982, during a discussion about the limits of online humor and how to
denote comments meant to be taken lightly.
"I propose the following character sequence for joke markers:
," wrote Fahlman. "Read it sideways."
The suggestion gave computer users a way to convey humor or positive
feelings with a smile -- or the opposite sentiments by reversing the
parenthesis to form a frown.
Carnegie Mellon said Fahlman's
smileys spread from its campus to other universities, then businesses
and eventually around the world as the Internet gained popularity.
Computer science and linguistics professors contacted by The Associated
Press said they were unaware of who first used the symbol.
"I've
never seen any hard evidence that the
sequence was in use before my
original post, and I've never run into anyone who actually claims to
have invented it before I did," Fahlman wrote on the university's Web
page dedicated to the smiley face. "But it's always possible that
someone else had the same idea -- it's a simple and obvious idea, after
all."
Variations, such as the "wink" that uses a semicolon,
emerged later. And today people can hardly imagine using computer chat
programs that don't translate keystrokes into colorful graphics, said
Ryan Stansifer, a computer science professor at the Florida Institute
of Technology.
"Now we have so much power, we don't settle for a
colon-dash-paren," he said. "You want the smiley face, so all these
chatting softwares have to have them."
Instant messaging
programs often contain an array of faces intended to express emotions
ranging from surprise to affection to embarrassment.
"It has
been fascinating to watch this phenomenon grow from a little message I
tossed off in 10 minutes to something that has spread all around the
world," Fahlman was quoted as saying in a university statement. "I
sometimes wonder how many millions of people have typed these
characters, and how many have turned their heads to one side to view a
smiley, in the 25 years since this all started."
Amy Weinberg, a
University of Maryland linguist and computer scientist, said emoticons
such as the smiley were "definitely creeping into the way, both in
business and academia, people communicate."
"In terms of things
that language processing does, you have to take them into account," she
said. "If you're doing almost anything ... and you have a sentence that
says 'I love my boss' and then there's a smiley face, you better not
take that seriously."
Emoticons reflect the likely original
purpose of language -- to enable people to express emotion, said
Clifford Nass, a professor of communications at Stanford University.
The emotion behind a written sentence may be hard to discern because
emotion is often conveyed through tone of voice, he said.
"What emoticons do is essentially provide a mechanism to transmit emotion when you don't have the voice," Nass said.
In some ways, he added, they also give people "the ability not to think as hard about the words they're using."
Stansifer said the emoticon was part of a natural progression in communication.
"I don't think the smiley face was the beginning and the end," he said.
"All people at all times take advantage of whatever means of
communication they have."
Chatboard (0)